Identification of the policy and research evidence-base of health needs and inequalities experienced by people with intellectual disabilities. Analysis of the evidence identified: review and utilisation of contemporary literature on health needs and health improvement initiatives for the population. Strategic public health and health improvement initiatives and programmes of health promotion: prevalence and pattern of health needs: intellectual disability specific population health problems, barriers to accessing services, health surveillance models, local health improvement initiatives that promote social, community and environmental development. Intellectual disability and health improvement: Public and individual perceptions of people with intellectual disabilities and their health and well-being, addressing health inequalities at an individual, family and population level to improve health. Health improvement initiatives: involving people with intellectual disabilities to manage their health and self-care. Supporting and enabling user and carer involvement, health improvement approaches drawn from examples from practice and the literature.