A central theme running throughout the module will be toxicology: how xenobiotics can be causes or treatments in diseases. The basic principles of toxicokinetics (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) and toxicodynamics (adverse effects in the body) will be explored in relation to named environmental pollutants, occupational hazards, and pharmaceutical agents. The module will introduce students to the concepts of health and illness, classification of diseases, cell adaptation to disease, inflammation, cell injury/death, and neoplasia. The development of disease will be examined, together with the principles of disease pathogenesis, investigation and treatment. Case studies of conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hepatitis, COPD and heart failure, will consolidate the related themes of the module.This module is designed to integrate learning from the different laboratory based biomedical disciplines. Students are therefore not expected to learn medical details of all diseases, rather to gain an understanding of a range of disease processes and how these result in measurable outcomes.